Nicotine vaccine to treat tobacco abuse and nicotine addiction
Antibodies are complex proteins created by immune cells that are targeted to very specific parts of other large and complex molecules called antigens.
Much smaller molecules like nicotine, called haptens, do not normally induce any significant immunologic response so researchers chemically bound several nicotine molecules to a large protein to form an adduct. This combined molecule does induce an immune response, i.e, causes immune cells to produce antibodies targeted to the …