Why haven’t surgeons been on the front line of public health?

Public health has often focused on prevention tools that impact an entire community or population. Before Henry Bigelow MD described the use of Ether in 1846 to mitigate pain during surgery or Joseph Lister MD discovered the value of sterile technique, surgical candidates were few. Even if one were convinced tolerate the pain of surgery, more than half would die from the risk of infection. For most of surgical …

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