Will physicians be caught in the ACO web?

I’m a big fan of the current Direct TV ads. One of my favorites involves a guy who goes to a self-help seminar, becomes overconfident, goes to Las Vegas and loses everything, and has to sell his hair to eat. The ads are all based around the theme of avoiding making mistakes by becoming something that you are not intended to become.

I think there is much for doctors to learn from these ads and apply to the current opportunity with Accountable Care Organizations or ACOs. I think we could easily write an ad that says “don’t be attracted by money from evil people seeking to co-op you into their schemes to make themselves more money because when you do you sell your soul, you are owned by a devil.” I think we need to recognize that many devils exist and are trying to get us to sign up to sell our souls to them.

During the PHO debacle a few years ago, I reminded our physicians that the letters should represent the ownership and direction that these organizations should take as they developed. I frequently offered that they were really pHO’s with Big hospitals and Big organizations with little physician control over the direction and quality that was important to us.

I fear that the same is true with ACOs. If we are not vigilant in their formation and direction, then they will become AcOs with physicians being a small part of their governance but very accountable to their owners. They will be dependent on the revenue streams that spring from them. I see scenarios where physicians will profit but then be caught in a spider’s web of their own design where they will be told how to practice and what kind and amount of care they can provide. I guess you could claim that I don’t trust insurance companies and you would be wrong. I do trust them. I trust them to do what is best for the corporate profits and the nonprofit executives’ with bonus clauses at the end of a successful year.

I’ve been around for a while and lived through the evils of the uncontrolled HMO and the Physician Practice Management Companies and the various schemes that have attracted physicians like small fish to an archer fish’s light. While my personal opinion is that this period in our history represents perhaps the greatest opportunity for physicians to recapture the leadership role they long ago abdicated, real dangers exist that could make physicians little more than indentured servants doing the bidding of their overlords.

Physicians need to be smart and develop business acumen and, for once, teach the business world that physicians can be and should be good business people as well as great doctors. One of the great lessons I’ve learned through the years is that other physicians are not my enemy. We may disagree, but most of us have the interest of our patients at heart. I would not make the same assumptions about other organizations or interest groups.

I went to medical school out of a desire to participate in the care of my patients. I love seeing my patients. I love being their advocate and their guide through the maze of what we call a healthcare system. I still see patients every week and work hard to provide them with good care. I try to provide the type of care I would provide my own family members. I have no doubts that I am not perfect, which my wife reminds me of on a regular basis, but I do work hard and deeply care about the profession and the patients I have given my life to for the last 30 years. It’s from that background that I have developed severe concerns about the current ACO structure.

My personal vision of healthcare is a return to a system where my focus is on the contract to provide high-quality care between my patient and myself. I always remember an older general surgeon who used to tell me about the days when he practiced medicine without the interference of insurance companies and administrators who knew more than he did. I always listened and envied him for working in an era when the patient was his only focus.

I think a return to such an era is possible and economically feasible. The patient centered medical home has demonstrated what high-quality primary care can provide as an impact to save unneeded and expensive care that often had poor results. The concierge model of practice has demonstrated that alternative economic models can thrive and provide better patient satisfaction and access to care.

The challenge is figuring out how to combine new approaches with old models that provided high-quality care and make them work. However, if we are not prudent in our evaluations, I suspect we will look like the coyote in the Road Runner cartoons: we have built an elaborate trap that our target has eluded and we ourselves are trapped in a system of our own construction.

Kerry A. Willis is family physician and Chairman and CEO, The Beacon Company/Atlantic Integrated Health.

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  • http://twitter.com/CrushTheLeft Rules4FreeRadicals

    ACOs are just the totally discredited capitation of the 1970s redux.
    History lesson: this was a nightmare thoroughly hated by both physicians and patients that inevitably collapsed.

  • Scott Mackinnon, MD

    In a perfect world, I agree with what this article says. A perfect world in which money is no object, patient expectations are “reasonable”, and defensive medicine barely exists. Under the “old” system, a physician could, actually, practice with only the patients best interests in mind. As time went on, and technology gave birth to new procedures and new concepts, we were forced to apply this new knowledge and provide these new procedures, otherwise, we would not be providing optimal, up to date care. And if that didn’t happen, then we could be held “liable”. Who can remember the 1970′s when the obstetricians decided that it was difficult to practice in Boston because of the burgeoning malpractice costs? In the old days, if a doctor thought that a patient should be placed in a hospital or needed a surgical procedure, then the patient got this, no questions asked. But then as the expectations among patients grew, and physicians found there was profitability in certain care models, the whole thing started to become too expensive. And physicians, too, are people, there is nothing wrong with incorporating the desire for profit into your work ethic. In many professions, profit is the main driving force, right? Then as time went on, some politicians began speaking of “medicare going bankrupt” and therefore cuts should be made.

    In the old days, if your knee hurt, often times you would take aspirin, wait, and see if it improved. Today, often times you get seen by your GP who then “approves” a visit with an orthopedic surgeon who then orders an MRI and possibly a knee arthroscopy; and the knee get “cleaned out”. What was the diagnosis any way? And this all costs a great deal of money. And this concept is pervasive through all of health care. Chest pain-cardiac cath. Painful swallowing? Upper GI series, upper endoscopy. Can’t sleep? Sleep study, EEG and so forth. Health care today is way too expensive and if our government is to continue to pay for this, there is no way we can get by without major tax increases. If private payers are to cover this, then insurance premiums with accelerate. The insurance companies have to make their profits, right? After all, many of these insurance companies are publicly held, who wants to own stock in a company with poor revenues?

    What about end of life care? Most physicians themselves are unsure as to how to deal with the dying patient and how much care should be applied, let alone the family making the decision. And this is where the majority of costs are born out. So while I think the physicians and other direct providers are perhaps the best ones to decide what care is necessary, there must be some element in place that will help these decisions to be made prudently. A decision that reflects not only the individual patients’ best interests, but that of society as a whole.

  • http://twitter.com/macobgyn MacArthur Obgyn

    Fantastic post. Loved it.

  • B Dotridge

    In
    the old says, physicians were able to manage a patient in the manner they felt
    most appropriate. The goal was to return to ‘normal’ as much as possible,
    and empower optimal health as best the doc could. Whatever was done, if the patient had
    insurance — that “claim” was paid for the services rendered –
    usually without debate. Patient had
    insurance, insurance company had the risk, if utilized – claim was paid for
    services rendered. What was rendered was
    at the discretion of the treating physician.

    What changed as more PHYSICIANS were “turn-coats” and surrendered quality Patient care for the quality Personal lifestyle within the corporate America of the INSURANCE INDUSTRY, with their corporate benefits and riches. These “back-stabbers” ought to be dealt with by medical boards for their unethical, unprofessional behavior. Their concern is no more for patient needs and prognosis — or even the physician trying to manage the patient. It’s all about conserving dollars for the greedy, and denying quality care — is their only way to preserve corporate profits. That Executive Medical Director might supervise a coven of burned-out nurses, who without flinching, thrust down the rubber stamp “DENIED” on as many claims as they can, whose patient prognosis is dictated and scripted where everyone’s hands are tied — except the controlling insurance company. (Some nurses gain bonuses by how much money they ‘save’ by thumbing their noses at MD’s from primary care to complex specialists. How dare a MD allow some R.N. to second-guess them and force you back in your hole?? Yet, doc’s have ALLOWED the insurance industry to ERODE your professional decision-making ability to implement appropriate care. The medical profession as a whole, has allowed the insurance industry to TAKE OVER and OVER-POWER you. Now, they have taken over — and they will not retreat or surrender.

    I blame the medical schools for not teaching physicians how to have enough balls against these parasitic corporate traitors, and the old-timers for not advocating continued independence. Any the new doc on the block that was so excited to hang their shingle and start watching the bucks roll in … for those … you allowed yourself to be manipulated and like it or not, you “joined their club” to “partner” with the insurance industry in ways you may not have intended. Now, “who wears the pants in the healthcare industry?” And, you are left trying to cover your ass? Wonder why?

    So WHO is willing to step up to assert your fundamental rights as a physician who can think for themselves, rather than go along with what the insurance “Medical Director” SAYS you have to think? Who as a group of physicians have challenged any M.D. Medical Director in the corporate penthouses across America, asking them “WHO’S SIDE ARE YOU REALLY ON? DON’T YOU CARE AT ALL ABOUT PATIENTS ANYMORE?” So have they SOLD OUT? Then, NAME THEM, LIST THEM, KNOW THEM, WRITE THEM, PUT THEM ON THE SPOT. If you can ever get the doctors WITHIN the industry to be honest and ethical, and get back to the emotional roots of why they thought they could be a Healer … then, you MIGHT see some changes that empower physicians again. Otherwise, find a select few insurances who WILL be willing to put the patient’s health a little closer to the front of the claims issues — and ONLY do business with these companies. At some point, ANY benefit program will have to offer THESE insurance choices, or be shunned by employees and the public.

    But, it gets back top what physicians are really willing to change, and how hard you want to fight the insurance industry. You know also, the stubborn, greedy pharmaceutical industry is as much an enemy to your patient’s Optimal Health as the Snakes in insurance companies.

    Do you realize how much money the “Top Doc” at insurance companies make? So ironic, too, at insurance companies who claim to be “non-profit” companies. Laughable — if not so tragic.

    So, what are you going to do about it? You know what Happens – when “Good Men Do
    Nothing.” Exerting your influence to impact ACO’s may be as
    crucial. While you still have, maybe,
    SOME CHANCE.

    • Kerry Willis

      Thanks for all the comments and I agree with the sentiment. Most of the problems have occurred because of Physicians who were willing to go into administration and allow their license to be used to pervert the quality of care provided within the system. I had a conversation recently with a friend who is a neurosurgeon who lost an argument with a Pediatrician medical director who was arguing how many levels of lumbar fusion was appropriate for his patient. If the pediatrician isn’t allowed by law to testify against a neurosurgeon then why is he allowed to approve a surgery that he has no experience or training in performing?
      I tell this story to illustrate another point. It’s not the rising medical costs that are the problem. Its the excessive administrative costs that are killing the system. They estimate 14% of medical costs are in direct administrative costs. I suspect another 20% are tied up in nothing but indirect costs and that means 35% of medical care cost are being caused by admin cost alone.
      Physicians need to get off their butts and quit whining and lead the changes in the system. Some of us have to quit being so busy that we allow those will minimal ethics to become Medical Directors while we watch and don’t do anything to counter the trends. There are better answers out there today.
      We can’t trust the AMA or other organizations where the dues are largely paid by hospitals currently because they can’t afford to represent physician interests for fear of offending the hospitals who would cut off their revenue streams. Step up or step into the chains of indentured servitude as an employee.

  • http://www.facebook.com/valarie.murphy Valarie Murphy

    ACO is nothing more than an HMO on steroids. Patients will suffer and doctors will lose their professional autonomy. How about everyone has a very high-deductible and an HSA so patients are in charge of routine spending?

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