EKG reading: It’s shocking what medical residents don’t know

“Dr. Fisher, can you teach our residents EKG lecture series?”

Naively, I said “Sure!”

What I didn’t realize is how hard this is to do today.

Much of this is not residents’ fault.  They only have so many hours in so many days to attend lectures while caring for patients.  Thanks to residency work-hour restrictions, those hours have become even fewer.  To make matters much worse, through the year residents are torn to different rotations at different times and different hospitals.  Since topics for EKG interpretation span over many lectures, it is impossible for residents to attend every lecture over the academic residency year.  Just like when a student misses half the lectures for a college course, it’s hard to get an A.

Yesterday, I stood before a crowded room of about 35-40 residents and interns for their first of many EKG classes.  There they sat, with their nicely pressed florescent-white lab coats ready to learn.  They were quiet and respectful as they sized up their middle-aged physician attending who apologetically arrived 5 minutes late after seeing an urgent consult in the emergency room.  They had no idea what to expect.  I some ways, neither did I.

I plugged in the obligatory USB thumb drive to the obligatory computer to display the obligatory PowerPoint presentation, then stopped.  Up came the image on the screen.  They turned toward it, oblivious how uninterested I was in the contents of the slide.  I asked them a question.

“How many of you don’t know the first thing about an EKG?”

Their heads swung back to me, silently.  Much of the room smiled, not certain where I was going.  Hesitantly, a few hands rose in the air.

I had never seen this before.  As their soon-to-be instructor, I could not help but ask myself silently what the heck these kids have spent at least $200,000 of their parents’ money learning in medical school. How on earth can any student leave four years of medical school education and not know the first thing about an EKG?

I pressed on.

“How many of you know something about an EKG and its basics but realize you need to know more?”

Relieved, I saw many more hands go up.

EKG reading is one of those basic skills that every physician should at least have a rudimentary knowledge.  Medical school’s controlled classroom-like environment lends itself better to instruction of the basics rather than hurried clinical rotations.  Clinical rotations are where residents should fine-tune their skills in this area.  How and why some medical students are not even exposed to this basic skill before entering their internship is one question, but what these young doctors are receiving for their huge costs of education is even a more important one.

As pressures continue to mount on physician salaries in the years ahead and their corresponding debts mount, perhaps we should ask ourselves why our young doctors continue to pay huge sums for their medical education of when the quality of the instruction has been allowed to slip to this level.

Could it be their academic instuctors never attended an EKG class either?

Wes Fisher is a cardiologist who blogs at Dr. Wes.

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  • John C. Key MD

    My guess is that the blame goes to the computerized, interpretive EKG machine. Everything else is automated, why shouldn’t EKGs be? As Tevye said, “It’s a new world, Golda!”

    I definitely agree with your basic premise.

  • Michael Kremliovsky

    The society made physicians into Gods. Rewarded them with incredible compensations. What would you expect? Reading ECG is not a trivial skill, it is also far from being scientific, at least, the way how traditional medical books are written. A lot of morphology, some comorbidity, demographic insights… and so on. Besides, medicine is not a science, no matter how much you like it to be seen as such. Many facts loosely connected into practice. Most doctors end up practicing what they are comfortable with while learning to avoid holistic approach at all costs… ECG is a relatively small fish in the large sea of the problem…

  • voitokas

    The problems of medical education are the problems of education in general. A subject can be mandated to be part of a curriculum, taught, tested on – and still never truly learned by the student. EKG’s, especially, are not really learnable in a couple of powerpoint presentations. Students have to read them and discuss them with someone who knows what they are doing. Over and over. That’s just not going to happen in the pre-clinical years (I went to a PBL program, and we still were taught EKG’s through a few lectures in a lecture hall… and knew next to nothing coming out of it). It may not happen in MS3 and 4 either – IM and FM residents who are not comfortable with EKG’s will not be comfortable taking students through EKG’s, and not everyone takes a cardiology rotation. Students would make sure to learn the basics if it were high-yield for the boards (which it’s not, and perhaps that’s a problem, too), but the basics may only just equip us to rule an EKG normal. If there is an answer to the problem, I think it lies in changing the culture of your program to make sure that people can learn. When students and residents are taught by shame and looked down on or even ridiculed for what they haven’t learned yet, they will not be comfortable seeking out knowledge – even when they know that knowledge will make them better clinicians.

    I agree with your disgruntlement at the poor quality of education for such an enormous price tag. I am not sure how much pressure could be put on the two private organizations (LCME and COCA) that have been empowered to bestow and maintain accreditation for medical schools in the U.S. Perhaps it’s time for a new Flexner report, and even a single, nation-wide public body to set standards for all U.S. medical schools (including osteopathic schools) and make sure they’re adhered to.

    If they’re not learning it before they get to residency, though, you can at least make sure that your program gives them space to acknowledge what they don’t know and the resources to correct the deficits.

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