They don’t make protocols for patients like me

The instruments were indicating to the two co-pilots at the controls of the Airbus that they needed to pull back on the stick.

They held back on the stick for 54 seconds.

This is the position they were in when the Air France jet plunged into the cold water of the Atlantic killing everyone on board.

The fix?

Recognizing that a protocol or guideline might be giving them wrong instructions, seeing that there might be a stall occurring and the airplane was falling out of the sky — by applying basic airmanship learned during the early hours of learning to fly — push forward on the stick, gain airspeed, and fly the airplane out of the stall.

So does this happen in medicine? Are we putting patients in the ground by following protocols and not practicing medicine?

Certainly, protocols have revolutionized patient safety in hospital settings. From central line infections, ICU ventilator management, antibiotic use in surgery, suicide prevention with ER counseling — there are too many to list.

And these successes have lead to a plethora of committee created guidelines for care and protocols. A physician recently spoke at the American Medical Association meeting that one of the largest and most well respected hospitals in the country now has a protocol and guideline for a Whipple procedure.

This is a complex surgical procedure relating to bowel and pancreas resection and the protocol covers the entire hospital stay. Can a committee really dictate all of the ins and outs of a hospital stay of 10 to 14 days duration?

The protocol discussion has also become a huge issue in the mid-level provider debate. When individuals are attempting to practice medicine without the complete training of a physician, nothing is better than a set of rules to follow. And for visits like well child visits and hypertension management — these work very well.

But can you really develop protocols and guidelines for complex medical procedures or illnesses?

Or more importantly, what parts of your own healthcare would you want managed with a protocol?

I know that if I’m really sick I want a pilot at the controls that can recognize that this time the protocol doesn’t apply.

Because at some point in my life my body will be in the situation of flying out of La Guardia, hitting a flock of geese, and having to be hand flown without power into the Hudson River.

They don’t make protocols for patients like me.

Dan McCoy is a dermatologist who blogs at docdano.com.

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  • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_6C65YWGCC7P5C6CGMMBK7VMFXE JenniferL

    We are all medically unique.  We all don’t neatly fit any protocol.

    We especially don’t fit any complex protocols hatched in the dark of night by anonymous committees of unaccountable political hacks in Washington, where their own personal health coverage is exempt from the nightmare they impose on the citizenry.

  • http://onhealthtech.blogspot.com Margalit Gur-Arie

    Protocols are very good when you fly the same aircraft model every single time, and when the route is fixed. Flight protocols will generate significantly less errors than relying on pilot judgement at all times, and predetermined routes between locales are a must.
    The parallel to medicine is not as clear as folks make it sound. First the “machine” you operate is never exactly the same, although many similarities do exist. And the routes from A to B may vary based on “machine” preference, and now also based on “machine” insurance coverage.
    If people really want to learn from aviation, they should adopt the things that apply and not the entire model wholesale. Technical protocols, like surgery checklists or central line, which have very little to do with the individual patient, are a good way to reduce errors. Other protocols should probably be regarded as guidelines, or reminder lists, with plenty of latitude for thoughtful override.
    One thing to remember, while learning from aviation, is that despite all the protocols, there is always a Captain on board, even for 30 minutes commuter flights.

    • Anonymous

      And we don’t expect the captain to go back in the cabin during take-off to find out who ordered the fruit plate for their meal.

      But distracting docs from patient care to do pre-auths, data entry, forms for DME? That’s great.

  • http://twitter.com/shotzie52 RCK

    The hypertension guidelines failed me and others like me, I had Conn’s Syndrome, something few providers seem to know about.  I had classic unprovoked low serum K that wouldn’t correct with diet and supplementation and ever increasing BP resistant to meds, diet, exercise and proper supplementation.  I was blamed for all my problems, I wasn’t “compliant” in their eyes because the treatment should have worked and it must have been me causing it to fail….Guidelines are a very dangerous thing that have taught providers they no longer have to think for themselves.

    • Gil Holmes

      It actually does not appear that the guidelines failed you as the guidelines say that resistant hypertension not responding to 3 meds generally requires a secondary cause evaluation. On that list of secondary causes would be hyperaldosteronism of which Conn Syndrome is one type. If the doctor is not comfortable with that work-up than referral to a nephrologist or a hypertension specialist would be generally indicated. Hypokalemia without diuretics should generally prompt some sort of evaluation as well or hypokalemia that is more severe than normal.

      • http://twitter.com/shotzie52 RCK

        Gil, the HMO guidelines and the general guidelines did fail me…I had bad reactions to many of the HTN medications thus never reached the “three at a time” rule and as I said my PCP of 18 yrs then the one I choose after that when he refused to refer me….none of them did any testing to see if there was a physical cause.  Then one provider basically came out and said my serum K was low because I ate a “strange” diet….I was DASHing and I think she was implying I might be binging/purging although there was nothing that would indicate that.  As I said, the blame the patient game began, much easier than looking for causes.

  • http://makethislookawesome.blogspot.com/ PamC

    My body doesn’t follow protocols. Just recently I was diagnosed with multiple kidney stones from a CT scan. But for months, there has been no blood in my urine. There was no blood in my urine when the CT showed I was clearly passing a stone. I think protocols are things we invent to give ourselves a sense of safety in a chaotic world. They may statistically be a good bet, but they are by no means a rule.

  • kullervo

    Even better, the Supreme Court may soon decide that such protocols are patentable. So if you change the protocol, even for the patient’s benefit, you may be guilty of a patent infringement:

    http://boingboing.net/2011/12/10/us-supreme-court-to-rule-on-wh.html

  • http://twitter.com/KatenNP Katen Moore

    This was interesting commentary until he mentioned the phrase “mid-level provider”.  Clearly, he has no idea how we “mid-level providers” are educated or how we practice.  He just wants to prove that protocols are bad, and physicians are good…  I can only speak for myself as nurse practitioner, but we are taught and work to improve our Diagnostic Reasoning skills — something the military, pilots and guess what, nursing does all the time.  Nurse practitioners do not work as individuals in silos but in collaborative practices with other providers of many different levels to provide the best and safest care for individuals.  And this proof is in our outcomes, measured time and time again in research instead of someone’s biased and uninformed opinion.

  • Anonymous

    Well, the Type 2 protocols they used when I presented in the ER with a diabetic coma didn’t work (I was 62, and they ASSUMED I was Type 2), and they couldn’t figure out why my BGs weren’t coming down until the CDE FOUGHT for them to use Type 1 protocols. Then, when they stabilized me, I was transferred to a rehab hospital/nursing home, and the Type 1 protocols didn’t follow me, and they weren’t giving me any basal or bolus insulin, but only corrections, and I relapsed into frightening hallucinations, and was miserably symptomatic with BGs in the 400s and no corrections because it wasn’t “time” for insulin. So, I have bad memories of bad hospitalists and bad protocols!

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=1624302541 Bruce Ramshaw

    This is an incredibly important topic.  Implementing a simple systems approach to try to address complex problems and complex systems will drive mediocrity at best and will be guaranteed to result in unintended negative consequences.  The system structures for providing care need to be redesigned.  Static protocols won’t work, but relying on individuals physicians to make independent decisions also won’t work- the complexity of medical problems, medical knowledge and technology increasing at a faster and faster rate requires a new model (including physicians, mid-level providers, patients and families and many others to create a diverse care community).  Care communities are emerging to address specific patient groups and patient problems and diseases.  Defining dynamic and complex processes of care (which is messy and imperfect) and learning and improving (clinical quality improvement research) in care delivery communities (with local care coordination and management) will help transform health care for the future.  

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Karl-Hafner/100001398635141 Karl Hafner

    there is a protocol for what happened to the airbus. Its called: the first rule of flying: fly the airplane.  We must not forget the ABC’s and only remember the “protocols”.  It is amazing how easily we forget and just like the airbus pilots we too make the same mistakes.  Interesting there is more to the story:  the airbus’s stalling warning system turns itself off below a certain speed.  They did push the controls forward with the stall warning but pullled up when the stall warning stopped.  In this case the stall warning protocol got them killed. The stall warning system thought the plane was landing. 

  • http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=1323453794 Jenson Wong

    I love how he criticized the protocol and mid-level providers without providing a reference… 
    Oh, and anyone who’s read a little more deeply into Flight 1549, the Airbus fly-by-wire computer had as much to do with there success as Sully’s judgment of where to ditch the aircraft.
    What’s wrong with protocols again?

  • http://profiles.google.com/molly.ciliberti Molly Ciliberti

    The real problem with protocols is the patient doesn’t read them and behave accordingly!

  • Anonymous

    I’m a patient at Kaiser, and I can assure you they run the cattle call through “treatment guidelines”, and if what you have doesn’t fit into their neat little slot, they’re flummoxed. In many cases they just throw antibiotics at it and hope for the best instead of practicing the real art of medicine. When I walk into my physicians office she’s typing away at her keyboard and barely looking at me. I feel like I’m making an airline reservation instead of being doctored. Half the time she sends me to emergency, another $50 copay because they don’t have the facilities to handle it. Effing ridiculous! Is this what Western medicine is coming to?

  • LA Morrison

    Dr. McCoy, I completely agree with your commentary. As a young doctor who respects the art of medicine and the role of clinical judgment in treatment, I’ve worried that the acquired skill of physical diagnosis will eventually devolve into simply following algorithms. In that event, the clinician may as well be replaced by an automated kiosk.

    It was also nice to read that someone else had considered the moral lesson to be learned from the AirFrance tragedy. I had written a blog post on that very incident, several months ago. http://doctresslam.blogspot.com/2011/07/autopilot.html

    ~ LA Morrison

  • Anonymous

    Protocol was devised to cover most situations, however most people also
    have fixed mentality and find it easier to be ‘told’ what to do, as in
    the case of the pilots of Air France plane. I am sure had they lived
    they would have said, “Dang, you know I thought it a bit odd we were to
    do the opposite, but you know the system told us to do it so we thought
    it was right” You will find that most people don’t want to step out of
    that box of questioning anything for fear of looking like an upstart and
    perhaps losing their job.

     

     Personally I have had experience with this as a patient with many
    health issues spanning many decades. After FOUR times proving I did
    actually have something major going on (one was a cancer!) I questioned
    the doctors on their protocol. I was told that I was a Post Traumatic
    Stress Disorder patient so therefore according to ‘protocol’ I was to be
    disbelieved, that I am  suffering from anxiety, and a need to feel
    heard and therefore would be more likely to have ‘made up and believe’ I
    had aches and pains. Had I not had the mentality that doctors are not
    gods and those pains were indeed real and very debilitating, the surgery
    I had just two weeks ago for several large ovarian cysts and a massive
    adhesion which was wrapped around my bowel, the pain which was written
    off for 2 years as ‘patient suffers anxiety, recommend counselling and
    minimal treatment’ , I would have had in some near future a bowel
    resection and possible ovarian cancer.

     Surely after the time the cancer was discovered you’d think they would
    understand that protocol is not always efficient in some patients and
    that there needs to be some real ‘go with the gut feeling’ rather than
    sticking to the rules. I do understand the need for protocol, however
    this next example highlights again sometimes we need to ditch it. My
    engineer friend lost his job due to stepping out of the box of protocol
    and indeed, found a problem which would have caused literally billions
    of dollars of damage and a massive oil rig explosion. Protocol dictated
    he go through the paper work which would take months, he chose to ignore
    that and fly in a part. I know I am proud of him for saving many many
    lives, so did the company thank him? No they fired him. They were angry
    he didn’t follow protocol. The part cost $50, what cost a life?

     

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