<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss version="2.0" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:sy="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/syndication/" > <channel><title>Comments on: Robert Ricketson and the surgical screwdriver medical malpractice case: The medical records revisited</title> <atom:link href="http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" /><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html</link> <description></description> <lastBuildDate>Tue, 14 Feb 2012 23:57:00 +0000</lastBuildDate> <sy:updatePeriod>hourly</sy:updatePeriod> <sy:updateFrequency>1</sy:updateFrequency> <xhtml:meta xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="robots" content="noindex" /> <item><title>By: Robert Ricketson</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-111817</link> <dc:creator>Robert Ricketson</dc:creator> <pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 04:05:23 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-111817</guid> <description>To Marie To address your question as to &quot;where were the rods&quot;, well quitefrankly that was literally the million dollar question. that issue was never resolved despite an extensive search and inquiry as you suggested. This next part nows begs some discussion. You need to understand the patient had no adverse medical complications. You see, he would have required an another operation regardless. I hate to kep repeating myself but the patient sufferd no ill consequeces other than a reoperation. As &quot;Tucker&quot; pointed out in an earlier entry, the proximate couse of the patients paralysis and subsequent medical complications was the epidural hematoma he developed in Honolulu, under the care of another surgeon.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To Marie<br /> To address your question as to &#8220;where were the rods&#8221;, well quitefrankly that was literally the million dollar question. that issue was never resolved despite an extensive search and inquiry as you suggested. This next part nows begs some discussion. You need to understand the patient had no adverse medical complications. You see, he would have required an another operation regardless. I hate to kep repeating myself but the patient sufferd no ill consequeces other than a reoperation. As &#8220;Tucker&#8221; pointed out in an earlier entry, the proximate couse of the patients paralysis and subsequent medical complications was the epidural hematoma he developed in Honolulu, under the care of another surgeon.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Bill Poser</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-111816</link> <dc:creator>Bill Poser</dc:creator> <pubDate>Mon, 14 Sep 2009 03:59:11 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-111816</guid> <description>On the facts presented here, a real miscarriage of justice seems to have taken place. That a creative response to a problem which appears to have caused no harm and was intended to avoid the problems that might well have been engendered by sustained general anaesthesia has been treated as malpractice is outrageous.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On the facts presented here, a real miscarriage of justice seems to have taken place. That a creative response to a problem which appears to have caused no harm and was intended to avoid the problems that might well have been engendered by sustained general anaesthesia has been treated as malpractice is outrageous.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Robert Ricketson</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-111800</link> <dc:creator>Robert Ricketson</dc:creator> <pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2009 20:54:38 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-111800</guid> <description>This might be a bit long. I had no intention of being &quot;Anon&quot;. That would defeat the purpose of this discussion.  All the information presented here was offered as evidence at trial. As to why the jury was unwilling to look the proximate cause of the patients morbidity and mortality (epidural hematoma), the answer was my past. No going around that issue. It was easier to blame someone with past disciplinary issues than the alternative, regardless of the facts presented. The other issue was simply a matter of law and Rules of Evidence. As you know, learned treatises are considered hearsay and therefore inadmissible as evidence (publications, journals,etc) unless you are able to lay foundation. That information can only be presented if you  have a well primed expert witness that will verify its accuracy and relevance.  I could not afford an expert witness. So, yes, I was unable to introduce any learned treatise or learned opinion on neurologic injury followiing an epidural hematoma. Yes, the jury heard the medical records. I couldn&#039;t get around the plaintiff&#039;s hired guns. As fo the issue of who&#039;s responsible for assuring the equipment is present, I agree the surgeon is always responsible. Ultimately, that&#039;s the way it is. At trial, the circulating nurse (also the &quot;whistleblower) testified that she had asked the scrub three times before the case started if she had everything. She said yes. That is also what she told me before it started. You mentioned the outcome of my second procedure. Nothing happened adversely. The patient went to Honolulu to revise the dislodged rods (third procedure). That&#039;s where the hematoma and paralysis occured. Very clear in the medical records. Unfortunately, I didn&#039;t have access to those records at mediation.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>This might be a bit long.<br /> I had no intention of being &#8220;Anon&#8221;. That would defeat the purpose of this discussion.  All the information presented here was offered as evidence at trial. As to why the jury was unwilling to look the proximate cause of the patients morbidity and mortality (epidural hematoma), the answer was my past. No going around that issue. It was easier to blame someone with past disciplinary issues than the alternative, regardless of the facts presented.<br /> The other issue was simply a matter of law and Rules of Evidence. As you know, learned treatises are considered hearsay and therefore inadmissible as evidence (publications, journals,etc) unless you are able to lay foundation. That information can only be presented if you  have a well primed expert witness that will verify its accuracy and relevance.  I could not afford an expert witness. So, yes, I was unable to introduce any learned treatise or learned opinion on neurologic injury followiing an epidural hematoma. Yes, the jury heard the medical records. I couldn&#8217;t get around the plaintiff&#8217;s hired guns.<br /> As fo the issue of who&#8217;s responsible for assuring the equipment is present, I agree the surgeon is always responsible. Ultimately, that&#8217;s the way it is. At trial, the circulating nurse (also the &#8220;whistleblower) testified that she had asked the scrub three times before the case started if she had everything. She said yes. That is also what she told me before it started.<br /> You mentioned the outcome of my second procedure. Nothing happened adversely. The patient went to Honolulu to revise the dislodged rods (third procedure). That&#8217;s where the hematoma and paralysis occured. Very clear in the medical records. Unfortunately, I didn&#8217;t have access to those records at mediation.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Marie</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-111796</link> <dc:creator>Marie</dc:creator> <pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2009 19:47:23 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-111796</guid> <description>The whole time I was reading the initial article and the responses, this statement was echoing in the back of my mind:&quot;...the scrub nurse, who had at the beginning of the procedure had told the circulating nurse, recorded on deposition, that she had everything, now announced that she could not locate the rods.&quot;WHAT?!?!To me (I am a nurse), everything that happened subsequently hinges on this statement.  Did she lose them?!?!  Did they get thrown away?  Was any attempt made to look for them?  Did she think she had them but didn&#039;t?   Or had she simply lied at the beginning of the procedure?Was she asked generally if she had &#039;everything&#039; or was there a checklist specifying the rods?  Who was responsible for getting the rods into the OR in the first place?How could a surgery to insert rods not have rods?That is the moment when things had already gone wrong and I think that was the moment that everything should have stopped.  There was clearly a major disconnect somewhere in the facility.  Something as elementary as the equipment that was to be implanted, the sole reason for the operation, could not be successfully accomplished. To me that would have been a major red flag that the patient, indeed, every patient in the facility, was already in danger.I can sympathize with your reasoning, Dr. Ricketson.  But it is not as though you were in the jungle or the patient would have perished if you didn&#039;t improvise.Hindsight is 20/20, but the most prudent thing to do would have been to close the patient up, get him stabilized re. his co-morbidities, initiate an internal review to investigate the protocol failure for the rods and establish a rigorous policy and procedure to ensure it never happened again.And then, only then, reschedule.I am very sorry for everyone involved here.  Dr. Ricketson, I hope you find satisfaction and happiness as you move forward in your life.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The whole time I was reading the initial article and the responses, this statement was echoing in the back of my mind:</p><p>&#8220;&#8230;the scrub nurse, who had at the beginning of the procedure had told the circulating nurse, recorded on deposition, that she had everything, now announced that she could not locate the rods.&#8221;</p><p>WHAT?!?!</p><p>To me (I am a nurse), everything that happened subsequently hinges on this statement.  Did she lose them?!?!  Did they get thrown away?  Was any attempt made to look for them?  Did she think she had them but didn&#8217;t?   Or had she simply lied at the beginning of the procedure?</p><p>Was she asked generally if she had &#8216;everything&#8217; or was there a checklist specifying the rods?  Who was responsible for getting the rods into the OR in the first place?</p><p>How could a surgery to insert rods not have rods?</p><p>That is the moment when things had already gone wrong and I think that was the moment that everything should have stopped.  There was clearly a major disconnect somewhere in the facility.  Something as elementary as the equipment that was to be implanted, the sole reason for the operation, could not be successfully accomplished. To me that would have been a major red flag that the patient, indeed, every patient in the facility, was already in danger.</p><p>I can sympathize with your reasoning, Dr. Ricketson.  But it is not as though you were in the jungle or the patient would have perished if you didn&#8217;t improvise.</p><p>Hindsight is 20/20, but the most prudent thing to do would have been to close the patient up, get him stabilized re. his co-morbidities, initiate an internal review to investigate the protocol failure for the rods and establish a rigorous policy and procedure to ensure it never happened again.</p><p>And then, only then, reschedule.</p><p>I am very sorry for everyone involved here.  Dr. Ricketson, I hope you find satisfaction and happiness as you move forward in your life.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Tucker</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-111784</link> <dc:creator>Tucker</dc:creator> <pubDate>Sun, 13 Sep 2009 14:42:49 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-111784</guid> <description>My first foray into the blogosphere and my first comment.  Its very difficult to come to a conclusion that is based on incomplete facts.  So, I have no conclusion.  Based on my limited information, I have some general thoughts and futher questions.  In malpractice we know there are certain elements that need to be established in order for liability to be found.  Among them, duty, negligence, injury, damages and, causation between the negligent conduct and the injury.  Importantly, the defendant&#039;s negligence must be shown to be the proximate cause of the plaintiff&#039;s injury.  What is &quot;proximate&quot;?  This is not only dependent upon time, but other factors that establish a legitimate link between the inciting action and ultimate result.  The jury determines whether this requirement is satisfied.So, I guess in this case the jury found that Dr. R&#039;s actions were to some extent the proximate cause of the plaintiff&#039;s injuries.But what actions?  Starting the operation without confirming the presence of all required medical devices?  Improvising once that absence was discovered?  I don&#039;t know.  Maybe it was based on the outcome of the second case he performed.  Dr R states that after the pt fell 5 times in one day, it was later discovered that the rods were &quot;displaced.&quot;   Maybe the jury concluded that he had never properly placed them, and that is what caused the pt to eventually have problems that led to him falling 5 times in one day.  Dr R seems to belive that the falls caused the displacement.  I don&#039;t know.I think it is wrong to start a case without verifying that all the necessary equipment is in the OR.  I don&#039;t think that this error proximately caused the plaintiff&#039;s paralysis and death.Based on what he told us here, I think the vast majority of the fault in this case rests with the physicians who sat on an epidural hematoma.  And I further believe that if the facts are as represented here, that if Dr. R had a good attorney, he would have, and should have, prevailed.One other question I have;  Is Anon, Dr. R?</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My first foray into the blogosphere and my first comment.  Its very difficult to come to a conclusion that is based on incomplete facts.  So, I have no conclusion.  Based on my limited information, I have some general thoughts and futher questions.  In malpractice we know there are certain elements that need to be established in order for liability to be found.  Among them, duty, negligence, injury, damages and, causation between the negligent conduct and the injury.  Importantly, the defendant&#8217;s negligence must be shown to be the proximate cause of the plaintiff&#8217;s injury.  What is &#8220;proximate&#8221;?  This is not only dependent upon time, but other factors that establish a legitimate link between the inciting action and ultimate result.  The jury determines whether this requirement is satisfied.</p><p>So, I guess in this case the jury found that Dr. R&#8217;s actions were to some extent the proximate cause of the plaintiff&#8217;s injuries.</p><p>But what actions?  Starting the operation without confirming the presence of all required medical devices?  Improvising once that absence was discovered?  I don&#8217;t know.  Maybe it was based on the outcome of the second case he performed.  Dr R states that after the pt fell 5 times in one day, it was later discovered that the rods were &#8220;displaced.&#8221;   Maybe the jury concluded that he had never properly placed them, and that is what caused the pt to eventually have problems that led to him falling 5 times in one day.  Dr R seems to belive that the falls caused the displacement.  I don&#8217;t know.</p><p>I think it is wrong to start a case without verifying that all the necessary equipment is in the OR.  I don&#8217;t think that this error proximately caused the plaintiff&#8217;s paralysis and death.</p><p>Based on what he told us here, I think the vast majority of the fault in this case rests with the physicians who sat on an epidural hematoma.  And I further believe that if the facts are as represented here, that if Dr. R had a good attorney, he would have, and should have, prevailed.</p><p>One other question I have;  Is Anon, Dr. R?</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Robert Ricketson</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-110349</link> <dc:creator>Robert Ricketson</dc:creator> <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2009 02:54:53 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-110349</guid> <description>According to published, public documents the outcome was: &quot;Plaintiff&#039;s verdict for $5.6 million including $3.4 in punitive damages&quot; with my portion being 65% and HMC 35%. The medical supply company was found to have 0% liability. What has transpired is that the appeal was denied due to lack of jurisdiction. I am unaware as to HMC&#039;s final disposition.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>According to published, public documents the outcome was: &#8220;Plaintiff&#8217;s verdict for $5.6 million including $3.4 in punitive damages&#8221; with my portion being 65% and HMC 35%. The medical supply company was found to have 0% liability. What has transpired is that the appeal was denied due to lack of jurisdiction. I am unaware as to HMC&#8217;s final disposition.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Anon</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-110311</link> <dc:creator>Anon</dc:creator> <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2009 17:08:15 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-110311</guid> <description>Now this begs the question, what happened to the other defendants? What were the damages awarded? And if you say confidential...</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Now this begs the question, what happened to the other defendants? What were the damages awarded? And if you say confidential&#8230;</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Robert Ricketson</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-110151</link> <dc:creator>Robert Ricketson</dc:creator> <pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2009 12:02:58 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-110151</guid> <description>I did wonder when someone would get around to asking that particular question. That would indeed be true unless there existed some pretrial understanding between plaintiff and defendant counsels.  You see, the intention of this post was not to discuss decision making in surgery but rather to clear up misinformation that has been presented in the media. The plaintiffs attorney was well aware I had no financial means to pay a judgment. It was well known to the plaintiff by way of depositions, medical records, and other legal documents that my patient was discharged from the hospital in Hilo in good condition and without any evidence any complications other than to replace the rod. That is indisputable fact. It wasn&#039;t until his next surgery, at another hospital, and under the care of another surgeon when he became paralyzed as a result of a failure to timely diagnose an epidural hematoma. That event was what was directly responsible for his multiple medical complications leading ultimately to his death 2 years later.  As you may know, I was not the only party named in the complaint. As a direct result of the sensational publicity and my past misgivings, it was a foregone conclusion that I would be found liable. After all, it only takes a preponderance of the evidence. As I was unable to afford an expert witness, I was unable to admit significant supportive evidence due to lack of foundation. So, you might ask, why even bother to sue someone, use up three years of legal time and a 5 week trial against someone who had no means to pay even if there was a judgment? I was simply a conduit to a potentially greater end. There were other defendants who did possess an ability to pay large amounts of damages, if they were found liable. My role in this was to limit damages, not against myself necessarily, but to the other defendants.</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I did wonder when someone would get around to asking that particular question. That would indeed be true unless there existed some pretrial understanding between plaintiff and defendant counsels.  You see, the intention of this post was not to discuss decision making in surgery but rather to clear up misinformation that has been presented in the media. The plaintiffs attorney was well aware I had no financial means to pay a judgment. It was well known to the plaintiff by way of depositions, medical records, and other legal documents that my patient was discharged from the hospital in Hilo in good condition and without any evidence any complications other than to replace the rod. That is indisputable fact. It wasn&#8217;t until his next surgery, at another hospital, and under the care of another surgeon when he became paralyzed as a result of a failure to timely diagnose an epidural hematoma. That event was what was directly responsible for his multiple medical complications leading ultimately to his death 2 years later.  As you may know, I was not the only party named in the complaint. As a direct result of the sensational publicity and my past misgivings, it was a foregone conclusion that I would be found liable. After all, it only takes a preponderance of the evidence. As I was unable to afford an expert witness, I was unable to admit significant supportive evidence due to lack of foundation. So, you might ask, why even bother to sue someone, use up three years of legal time and a 5 week trial against someone who had no means to pay even if there was a judgment? I was simply a conduit to a potentially greater end. There were other defendants who did possess an ability to pay large amounts of damages, if they were found liable. My role in this was to limit damages, not against myself necessarily, but to the other defendants.</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: Anon</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-110067</link> <dc:creator>Anon</dc:creator> <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2009 16:15:29 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-110067</guid> <description>How do you settle claims or payout on judgements when no insurance is involved? Are these kind of judgements not detrimental to physician&#039;s family financial stability? Dr. Ricketson did not have a lawyer so can we assume that he did not have insurance to cover that particular claim so that all financial judgements were out of his pocket?</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>How do you settle claims or payout on judgements when no insurance is involved? Are these kind of judgements not detrimental to physician&#8217;s family financial stability? Dr. Ricketson did not have a lawyer so can we assume that he did not have insurance to cover that particular claim so that all financial judgements were out of his pocket?</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> <item><title>By: David</title><link>http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/08/robert-ricketson-and-the-surgical-screwdriver-medical-malpractice-case-the-medical-records-revisited.html#comment-109702</link> <dc:creator>David</dc:creator> <pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2009 19:13:24 +0000</pubDate> <guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/?p=39502#comment-109702</guid> <description>Em, &quot;You clearly aren’t capable of producing a reasoned analysis from the facts presented&quot;Wow.  That does qualify as ad hominem.  You have issues, my friend, but not of the usual kind.Just in case your errors are simple confusion, and not malicious misunderstanding, let&#039;s foray one last time.  You said &quot;Taking my ideas seriously atrophies the ability of others to think is not ad hominem?&quot;No, not really.  If you recall the conversation it has to do with whether and how people think on their feet.  It has to do with creativity under fire, which is itself a skill and a habit one can and should develop.  There are a lot of people around (especially today) who are bureaucrats.  They know all the rules they should follow and which authority to consult - but they aren&#039;t really doing much thinking on their own.  They can &#039;smell&#039; when things are &#039;wrong&#039; - when people are thinking &#039;outside the box&#039;, and they don&#039;t like it.  Compare the CEO of a company to an IRS agent.  The mentalities are quite different.  So it is not ad hominem - I am focused on your ideas - or the implication of your ideas - that in this serious situation, a physician would actually have to consider IRB approval rather than focus on the life and health of the patient he is treating.  If the world generally accepted your approach, it may very well fall apart.  The minds would atrophy (or become stale) from lack of use.  You may be a very fine person with the best of intentions - but what you are saying can lead to badness all the same!You also commented: &quot;Ricketson himself says &#039;Three days later, he fell and fractured the implanted substitute. … The rod was replaced the following morning without incident.&#039; This belies the statement that redoing the surgery was a greater risk.&quot;Hmmm.  Have you ever played poker?  Do you know the odds of drawing a flush or a straight?  If you were a poker player, these are things you would need to know.  They are, of course, much more calculable than what we are speaking of, but it can be used as an analogy.  Now suppose you had calculated that your odds of sticking with your two pair was better than your odds of drawing a flush.  You would probably stick with the two pair, then, based on simple mathematics.  Dr. Ricketson stuck with the two pair.Now, along comes the next card - wow, if you had gone for the flush - you would have won the game!  (This is like you looking at the situation after the fact, and surmising that the other option was better).  There is a difference between attempting to calculate what will happen in the future - and surmising AFTER AN EVENT - what really did happen.  If we always knew what would happen, then we wouldn&#039;t need the science of statistics, insurance, the gambling industry would be done for, etc., etc.I&#039;ll give you the opportunity for the last comment - unless you say something too outrageous and draw me in again!</description> <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Em,<br /> &#8220;You clearly aren’t capable of producing a reasoned analysis from the facts presented&#8221;</p><p>Wow.  That does qualify as ad hominem.  You have issues, my friend, but not of the usual kind.</p><p>Just in case your errors are simple confusion, and not malicious misunderstanding, let&#8217;s foray one last time.  You said &#8220;Taking my ideas seriously atrophies the ability of others to think is not ad hominem?&#8221;</p><p>No, not really.  If you recall the conversation it has to do with whether and how people think on their feet.  It has to do with creativity under fire, which is itself a skill and a habit one can and should develop.  There are a lot of people around (especially today) who are bureaucrats.  They know all the rules they should follow and which authority to consult &#8211; but they aren&#8217;t really doing much thinking on their own.  They can &#8216;smell&#8217; when things are &#8216;wrong&#8217; &#8211; when people are thinking &#8216;outside the box&#8217;, and they don&#8217;t like it.  Compare the CEO of a company to an IRS agent.  The mentalities are quite different.  So it is not ad hominem &#8211; I am focused on your ideas &#8211; or the implication of your ideas &#8211; that in this serious situation, a physician would actually have to consider IRB approval rather than focus on the life and health of the patient he is treating.  If the world generally accepted your approach, it may very well fall apart.  The minds would atrophy (or become stale) from lack of use.  You may be a very fine person with the best of intentions &#8211; but what you are saying can lead to badness all the same!</p><p>You also commented: &#8220;Ricketson himself says &#8216;Three days later, he fell and fractured the implanted substitute. … The rod was replaced the following morning without incident.&#8217; This belies the statement that redoing the surgery was a greater risk.&#8221;</p><p>Hmmm.  Have you ever played poker?  Do you know the odds of drawing a flush or a straight?  If you were a poker player, these are things you would need to know.  They are, of course, much more calculable than what we are speaking of, but it can be used as an analogy.  Now suppose you had calculated that your odds of sticking with your two pair was better than your odds of drawing a flush.  You would probably stick with the two pair, then, based on simple mathematics.  Dr. Ricketson stuck with the two pair.</p><p>Now, along comes the next card &#8211; wow, if you had gone for the flush &#8211; you would have won the game!  (This is like you looking at the situation after the fact, and surmising that the other option was better).  There is a difference between attempting to calculate what will happen in the future &#8211; and surmising AFTER AN EVENT &#8211; what really did happen.  If we always knew what would happen, then we wouldn&#8217;t need the science of statistics, insurance, the gambling industry would be done for, etc., etc.</p><p>I&#8217;ll give you the opportunity for the last comment &#8211; unless you say something too outrageous and draw me in again!</p> ]]></content:encoded> </item> </channel> </rss>
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