What an overreach. A much more accurate word than “studies” would be “sales pitches”. As the experience of tens of thousands of doctors show, they also “have the capacity” to degrade quality, erode efficiency, and generally foul things up beyond all recognition.

The rest of the general idea is one that I agree with in that the payment system does not fostor efficiency in pricing not does it promote quality. In fact, fixed prices reward low quality, as the less effort and time one expends for the fixed price, the more one is making for ones efforts. It is immoral.