Saturday, March 04, 200688
Is it time to step up the defense?

The tabloid Boston Herald writes a lawyer-friendly medical malpractice piece, showing conscientious plaintiff lawyers busy diagnosing cancer that radiologists have missed:

The article implies that doctors are clearly not achieving the 100% accuracy rates that lawyers and patients are demanding:
Many doctors are already doing this - and are thankful they are, proud that they are practicing defensive medicine. From a physician standpoint, the benefits of overtesting greatly outweighs the consequences.

The tabloid Boston Herald writes a lawyer-friendly medical malpractice piece, showing conscientious plaintiff lawyers busy diagnosing cancer that radiologists have missed:

The article implies that doctors are clearly not achieving the 100% accuracy rates that lawyers and patients are demanding:
Doctors in the medical mecca of Boston are missing cancer diagnoses at a troubling rate, lawyers for both patients and doctors charge, and more critically ill patients and their families are lining up at state courts to press claims.Failure-to-diagnose represents 1/3 of all malpractice claims. Think of the malpractice savings if doctors just endoscoped, CT'ed, MRI'ed, PET scanned, and catheterized every complaint.
"We have some of the best hospitals in the world and some of the very best are making some of the very worst of mistakes," said Boston malpractice attorney Robert C. Gabler. "It is undeniable that there is more failure to diagnose going on."
Many doctors are already doing this - and are thankful they are, proud that they are practicing defensive medicine. From a physician standpoint, the benefits of overtesting greatly outweighs the consequences.

Comments
However, my father-in-law perished when his colon cancer went undiagnosed until it was well past too late to treat with anything but palliative measures. He got regular physicals at the behest of my MIL. His internist failed over a period of ten years to order a routine colonoscopy screening despite FIL's age, additional risk factors (family history, lifestyle, and previous history of colon polyps (known to the internist), and instead of testing suggested diet change when symptoms began that should have immediately triggered a scope, and later still misdiagnosed a palpable rectal mass as an enlarged prostate.
Medical review by plural GI specialists was unanimous the internist failed to meet the standard of care - by a mile.
1:06 PM
3:40 PM
3:55 PM
He has to be a lawyer.
3:58 PM
By the way, what "lawyers for doctors" are claiming that diagnoses are being missed at an alarming rate?
4:00 PM
It is revolting how you guys view and treat your patients. As soon as the rest of the world figures out that their Drs. couldn't care less about them, yes, there will be many more lawsuits. Some of you are quite young and early in your profession, how in the world are you going to handle the stress(that you create for yourselves) over a 30-40 yr. period?
If I was so cynical about my profession I would maybe find a new one.
5:58 PM
Does that mean when my Drs. have turned my X-Rays all different positions, to look closely at something, he must be a Lawyer in drag?
6:02 PM
7:19 PM
Not as revolting as how some patients view their physicians as sources of free care, aka free phone calls, not wanting to pay co-pays, and the like. Not as revolting as patients who don't follow their advised medical care, but yet sue us because the bad outcome is our fault.
"how in the world are you going to handle the stress(that you create for yourselves)"
We're not lawyers.
7:32 PM
Now, if it were to be the majority of the physicians in the world, the ones not yet inflicted by your poison, it might effect us greatly but not YOU personally! The medical community would be so much better without you and your type in it..There is no place in medicine for Physicians who despise patients. You prove over and over what type Dr. you are.
7:43 PM
You can tell how good a doc aperson by how the person writes in a medical Blog? You must be a great evaluator of people. Maybe an insurance adjuster? Are you aware that every anonymous on this site could be a different person, but you can evaluate all of them as one person by how they write?
8:08 PM
9:36 PM
9:56 PM
trust us, we know all about this clown..He refers to patients regularly as "sodomites", "jerks", "a crazy person like you", "sobs", "idiots", "jackasses", Hell, he even wished someone dead on here the other day, all because that guy had the nerve to contradict him.
I would rather die than be in his ER..AND I MEAN THAT!!!But, I would love to sit across the aisle in court from him and I've never sued anyone in my life.
11:19 PM
But a couple of the examples given in the article stand out:
a) a man whose rectal bleeding was dismissed by a doctor as caused by bear drinking. Isn't a diagnostic colonoscopy a standard-of-care when there is bleeding? Or would you consider it defensive?
b) taking out healthy breast tissue instead of cancerous. I realize that they have to take more, but from the article it appears that the cancerous tissue was left in place but the healthy was taken instead. Is this OK? How would practicing defensively save you here?
One other thing I'd like to understand about defensive testing. Some patients ask for it specifically, I have no problem with your ordering tests for them. But some patients don't want it and are willing to sign any kind of form. Since the vast majority of patients don't sue (give me numbers if I am wrong, I do have an open mind here), they essentially suffer harm and pay (if they have high deductible) for your piece of mind. How is making patients pay for your benefit is different from stealing? How is it morally better than say a maid stealing jewelry from a rich family because she has a sick child? Her need is greater. And why is harming our health an acceptable price to pay for your protection? Again, I am not talking about patients who insist on tests. Only about those who'd like to know the odds and to have a right to refuse.
11:47 PM
Another thing, I like how all these posters say they never sued anyone, then threaten to "sit across the aisle" from a doctor and sue...real comforting...
all you physicians out there...these are the type of people that come into our offices and er's...keep testing away...
11:58 PM
As for me personally,your way of parcticing medicine not only makes me angry, it makes me realize how very selfish you are. You don't care that what you are doing is driving more and more people to the uninsured catagory...Employees can no longer afford to carry ins. and employers are in many cases cancelling policies or providing terrible plans to their employees.
Maybe because of the difference of incomes, between your profession and many of ours, that you can't comprehend how this effects the average person..You are going to test yourselves right out of business. Or, you will drive the country into a forced national healthcare situation.
it seems as though you don't even want to do anything to force a change. When we ask, "What can we do to help stop what is happening to healthcare, tell us how to help you?" Your response is pretty much "screw you, I'm taking care of myself, I don't trust you, I don't believe you, so, your going to get tested to death."
Your going to cause the end of healthcare as we know it..
12:21 AM
The problem today is that even the caring doctors are becoming extremely discouraged. The stress of running a business when one has to work harder and see more patients to make less money is very difficult. With rising expenses (malpractice, health insurance,...), and reimbursements that continue to fall, it's a recipe for disaster. I really cannot see myself doing this for 25 more years.
The fact that lawyers don't understand that the current system is destroying the state of medicine is very discouraging. There is no question the access to certain specialists (neurosurgery, ob,orthopedics,...) is dramatically falling and will continue to worsen especially in rural areas.
10:43 AM
10:43 AM
Actually I do understand. And most of us can get sued for any reason - somebody can slip and fall on my floor or being scratched by my cat. A robber can sue the house owners if their dog bites him while he tries to rob the house. And somebody sued my father for what looked like staged traffic accident. The guy run the red light but accused my father of doing it. My father won - eventually. So, yes, I understand.
Doesn't mean I consider it morally justifiable. I personally have never sued anybody nor was I the poster who threatened to sue you; you seem to group all of us together. I even mentioned I'd be willing to sign whatever form you give me. But without your informing me about the risks or the test and about the fact that it is unnecessary I have no way of knowing if I have this option. If I am unconscious I have none (I do have a living will, but I am not talking about end-of-life here).
I think your ordering unnecessary tests without informing me that they are unnecessary and giving me a chance to opt out is equivalent to stealing from me. If a test can harm me, it is even worse.
By the way, you can become a patient too. Sure you know enough to say no, if you are conscious. But you can end up in the ER unconscious and be subject to all these tests. Would you be just as understanding?
What you are essentially claiming that it is OK to harm a person (who is very likely an innocent bystander and not somebody who'd sue you) or to steal from him/her to protect your time, money, and nerves.
You know, you are so hostile, I thought my post was very reasonable - I agreed that failure to diagnose is not malpractice in most cases; I asked questions about two specific examples mentioned in the article - you have never answered those. In fact you completely ignored them. You attacked me because I belong to a specific group - in this case "patients". How is judging individuals for belonging to a specific group like "patients" different from judging them by their ethnic origin or if they are male or female? Seems like the same type of mentality to me. Oh, and by the way, shall I find examples of doctors who sue other doctors?
12:05 PM
The defensive move here would be to do a radical bilateral total mastectomy with axillary node removel. You wouldn't miss anything.
To the writer above who says we doctors are destroying medicine by practicing defensively: It must be a collective conspiracy, because We all do it, it's hard not to. What other choice do I have? Here's a great example: On Friday a woman with a history of IV drug abuse came to the ER with back pain. It was paraspinal, meaning not over the spine. IV drug abusers are at risk for spine infections (remember, pain was not over the spine) but the ER doc, to protect himself, got a CYA spinal MRI. It was read as "negative" by the radiology resident. The patient was sent home. The next day the radiologist (Attending) read the clinical history, he called the ER and said "I cannot rule out Osteomyelitis based on this MRI." I was working, I called the patient at home and told her to come back. I examined her, she didn't even have pain over her spine! But I had to admit her for heavy-duty IV antibiotics now that the groundwork was layed. The doc I admitted her to demanded more testing, ie Blood cultures, Sed rate, etc. Entire cost of visits, etc about $25,000. For a low back strain. Your Tax dollars hard at work.
12:05 PM
in addition, you mention that anyone can get sued for a car accident, etc...but those are random events...if you see 40 patients a day to make a living, your risk is occupational and substantially higher...I hope you understand now...
12:14 PM
Several lawyers on this and other sites have stated that simply documenting that "the patient refused the test" would be thrown out in court. A Plaintiffs' attorney would argue thatthe physician made it up to cover himself. One lawyer even said he uses such statements as "evidence of your Shoddy care" by forcing a patient to refuse. You need to get a signed AMA, where it's documented that the patient understands the risks of their decision, including death. One lawyer even told me he is good enough to get AMA's thrown out in court, but it's the best we can do.
12:19 PM
I have a responsibility to drive safely. I can be sued if something goes wrong even if I am not at fault, I will probably settle if there is a reasonable doubt about who is at fault, and I face the same risk of bankrupcty if a large award exceeding my policy limits were to be entered against me. Most of us live with this risk every day, and don't take it personally.
12:52 PM
12:54 PM
something bad is going to happen to EVERY patient out there...including you. Much of the time, when that something bad happens, the patient looks to sue the doc because of the potential of a big payday, and you can always look back in hindsight and find something that could have been done to be a llittle more proactive that may or may not have prevented the problem...just trying to point out the difference.
12:58 PM
Perfect example.
When you drive, do you wear your seat belt?
I assume if you are drinking, you let someone else drive, to be safe?
I assume you're not Britney Spears, so you put your infant in the Child Safety Seat?
If your brakes malfunction, I assume you don't keep driving, you bring it to a repair shop?
Do you drive 120 miles an hour on the highway?
I have a responsibility to my spouse and children not to take extra risk at work.
I never take extra risk when I drive, I certainly am not going to take extra risk at work if I can avoid it.
Justifying the tort system by saying "just take it" is no justification at all.
1:01 PM
What makes you think lawyers don't understand the system? Because we don't agree that capping the recovery of those hurt the worst so insurers can make a little more money is the way to fix it?
Because we don't simply lie down when you paint us all in a horrible light?
CJD
1:11 PM
According to. . . . you?
1:13 PM
How is seeing 40 patients a day any higher a risk than an OTR driver passing 200 cars a day?
1:15 PM
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1:32 PM
Then you always read on this blog about the poor schmuck intern who is in the wrong place at the wrong time and has 2 lawsuits already. Nice way to ruin a 27 year olds life. In case you lawyers didn't know, interns don't make major clinical decisions, and it's a sign of the dysfunctional tort system that they get sued.
1:37 PM
1:42 PM
Really? When did he post that? Can you link it?
1:44 PM
Your premise is wrong. No one has said that but you. You can't get sued merely for driving a car, it's only when your driving of that car is negligent and results in harm to others that you can get sued. Same with med mal.
"It's OK to sue Mcdonalds because you are fat, it's Mcdonalds fault, so it's OK to sue a doctor, because you had a bad outcome, it has to be the doctors fault."
More wrong premises - you're have a bad day. Or maybe they are just your own personal misconceptions - still they are wrong.
"Just because in this sue-crazy country you can get sued for everything doesn't legitimize medical lawsuits."
Actually, tort filings are down over the last decade, as are average payouts. 0 for 3 for you today, and all in one post.
CJD
1:47 PM
Oh, yeah, the Bill of Rights.
1:51 PM
1:58 PM
With a straight face, he insisted that if a doctor cuts off the wrong leg, he shouldn't be sued. It's just an accident, and its not fair if he didn't mean to do it. It's an operation, and operations have inherent risk. If you want a doc to help you, you have to take the risk he might make a mistake.
All I could do then was shake my head, and I guess that's all I can do now.
1:58 PM
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2:08 PM
Uh, no. But the opinion of my old boss Illustrate a certain attitude that doctor's should be specially protected somehow from lawsuit because of the altruism of doctors and the inherent risk of medical treatments, the egregious example of malpractice included.
What is your test for the legitimacy of a suit brought against an MD?
2:20 PM
2:31 PM
Boo freakin' hoo. When is the last time anyone here actually apologized to a patient when something went wrong? Were you honest? Or did you make excuses for yourself and try to sweep the whole thing under the rug? Do you honestly think patients don't deserve some compensation if the wrong leg is amputated?
Get off your defensive high horses, people. Every single one of you has made errors that either harmed a patient or had the potential to harm a patient. If you want to circle the wagons and try to blame patients, lawyers and whomever else, fine. But then you shouldn't be surprised when patients turn to the court system to obtain the justice you have arrogantly denied them.
2:50 PM
But I still would accept a 40 % decrease in my salary to be able to work in a better system than I do. Socialized medicine stinks.
2:51 PM
2:54 PM
I have believed my Physicians are honest with me but I'm finding out they probably aren't.
You don't have the right to send me for tests and procedures that you don't believe I need. You betray my trust by doing so. This is no way of practicing medicine.
If this is how it is done then I could be a physician. Anyone could. All we need is a PC with a symptom checker. Any illness that could possibly cause this symptom then order the tests for it.
Why did you go through years of training if you aren't going to use what you have been trained to do? There can't be a solution because you won't be honest with us. If you order a test for me and I ask you what is the liklihood that this test is going to show anything, based on your experience? Will you give me an honest answer?
Should I somehow be expected to know, on my own, what I need to have done? You have me over a barrel. If you think I need something done, you know that I believe in you and will most often do what you ask. I mistakenly have believed you want to help me.
I don't want your defensive medicine I want your education and your expereince..I can't be smarter than you about my illnesses...I don't have the education you have to know what is serious and what is not...
You don't deserve my $150.00 for a 6 minute visit if you can't use your education. Thats what I'm paying you for.
I'm not your employer, so I can't fire you. I come to you the same as I go to whatever beauty operator I choose. Because you having a product that I want to purchase. Your product is education and I pay your selling price to get it. I deserve what I pay for. It doesn't take a smart person to order tests and procedures, but it does take one to know "what is reasonable."
3:03 PM
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3:31 PM
For 2 lawsuits over 20 years, its about 50%, and 3 lawsuits its about 25%
So it is in fact true that doctors are virtually guaranteed to get sued at least once. No other profession, besides perhaps lawyers, stands such a high risk of lawsuits
3:51 PM
3:54 PM
But I wanted to address a misconception: giving patients information about risks of diagnostic testing and allowing them to decide if, say, a CT scan is necessary for pain which has, for example, a 4% chance of being appendicitis, simply does not work. The phrase "patient declined CT scan," does not protect the ER doctor in any way. A signed AMA form is marginally helpful.
The ones "over a barrel" are the doctors, who know that their clinical accumen and training allow for 97% certainty. There was a time when that was sufficient. Now, anything less than 100% certainty is grounds for suit, whether you explained the odds or not. Explaining incidence of disease and risks of tests is just polite, and I routinely engage in such discussions with patients who show an ability to understand, but it doesn't really have a place in emergency medicine, and doesn't really affect my practice style.
This is why emergency medicine is so expensive. Armed with only a good history and physical exam, I can often exclude appendicitis with 97% certainty. But there will always be atypical presentations, no matter how good of a clinician I am. For each percentage point of certainty, add about $1000 of tests. Thus, lab tests get me to 98%, CT with contrast to 99%, surgical consult with admission for observation and exploratory laparotomy gets me to 100%. I frequently stop at 99%.
If I were to explain this to more patients, more of them would opt out of the scan. Because I see about 11 cases of abdominal pain per night, this approach would miss appendicitis at least twice a year. Therefore, giving patients the option increases the risk to me, because there is no protection except for 100% perfection. Documenting that there was no right lower quadrant tenderness of rebound does not hold up. We are sued not for deviation from standards, but for bad outcomes.
I really wish there was a better way. For patients who actually try to pay their bills (less that 17% at my institution), I feel especially bad. On the other hand, defensive medicine actually does help prevent that 1-2% extra chance of bad outcomes. Unfortunately taxpayers are picking up the tab (for my patients).
5:00 PM
OK, since I am the one who mentioned cars in the first place let me tell you what happened. My
father was making a left turn on a green arrow when some guy hit him from behind (the guy was driving in the same direction that my father was turning to). The guy run the red light, but there were no witnesses. The police came, the other guy claimed he was driving on green and it was my father who run the red light. My father could barely speak English by the way, it was less than 2 years after we had immigrated to the US as refugees from a communist country. My father was driving a new Datsun 210 (this was at the time of Iran contra affair when everybody was trying to save on gas) - our first new car, a guy who hit him some old car that looked like it was worth $200.
Some months later, we got a letter saying that we are being sued for $1500. Now this seems like a very small amount, but it was a lot for us then. We couldn't take anything with us when we came to the US, my father who had been a mechanical engineer only managed to get a job in some plant as a layoutman for about $7 an hour and my mother - an electical engineer - still couldn't find a job. I was in college on a scholarship and working part time for a minimum wage. $1000 was huge, especially after we spent all of our savings on the downpayment for this car. Also, we were just starting to build our credit history (one reason we took this car loan) and we worried that this type of things will ruin it for years to come.
The insurance company had a lawyer (now I am surprised they didn't want to settle, but I guess they thought the whole thing was frivolous based on the pictures of the accident). My father went to court a couple of times, the other guy didn't show up, the judge ordered this guy's lawyer to pay my father $50 each time as a compensation. At this point it seemed like it was over.
Some 3 years later we got another lawsuit. This time we were sued (for the same accident) for $5000. The guy claimed car damages and also some medical expenses. Even though he was perfectly fine after the accident (and he hit my father's car from behind), he claimed he went to the ER, had to do some tests, whatever.... His name also "magically" changed - from James O. to Philip. I guess his brother wanted some money. My father went to court, but as his English was still not great - he doesn't have any aptitude for languages and he was in his late 40s at the time - he couldn't tell me and my mother what happened: he told "my lawyer was talking, I told the story, the other guy was talking and then the lawyer was talking. I guess the other guy lost, but I am not really sure". Now it sounds pretty funny, but it was stressful and this amounts were pretty big for us then.
There are lots of situation in this country when people get sued. Somebody in my community sued her friend for a million dollars after slipping on her friend's stairs. The woman lost eventually but now after pretty much ruining 6 years of her friend's life. Nobody could understand how this woman who sued could do it- virtually all mutual acquintances stopped talking with her - but she thought herself very "americanized", I guess.
I do understand that doctors have higher risk of being sued. But I do believe that the majority of us don't sue. I cannot see suing any of my doctors except for something outrageous like cutting the wrong leg. The posters above mentioned that the lifetime risk of a doctor to be sued at least once is 90%, but during this time the doctor will see a lot of patients, and probably will miss more than one diagnosis. I still think it is morally wrong to order unnecessary tests and then to make a patient pay for it. But I understand why you do it.
5:44 PM
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7:14 PM
I've never defended lawyers. I hate the litigiousness of the US society. I do believe that a couple of examples in the article could've been legit (taking out wrong tissue and not investigating rectal bleeding - note I say could've been since I don't know the details), and I also don't like the fact that as a patient I may be subjected to unnecessary testing. I do think large part of the blame lies with "expert witnesses" and with unrealilstic expectations created by advertising.
Sorry for posting a story off-topic btw. I couldn't let a lawyer's comment that all car accident lawsuits are because of negligence. This was in Chicago, by the way. Besides, in hindsight the story seems funny enough.
8:47 PM
To Anon 3:14pm - "Would someone please suggest a solution, ..."
Here's my personal solution for my practice. This is what works for me. It may be unworkable for other physicians.
First, I'm board certified in Ob/Gyn with 17 years of practice. Only Neurosurgeons have higher malpractice risk.
Largely Ob/Gyn's have a procedure based practice. I choose a current definitive text such as Speroff's Gynecologic Endocrinology or Gabbe's Obstetrics. I make my self responsible for knowing it cold. Modified by some, but not a lot, of current literature. With some variance, but not much, the protocols in those commonly accepted definitive texts are the basis for my testing and evaluation/treatment. For instance; rule out ectopic pregnancy, testing for gestational diabetes, rational for ultrasound in pregnancy, abnormal uterine bleeding, indications for hysterectomy, etc. I ask myself, could a put a photocopy in the chart delinating the rational behind that individual test/treatment. I actually put a copy in the chart about twice a week.
Another perspective, mine alone, which might bother some patients.
I have no loyality to patients, per se. My loyality is to what I term "the diagnostic process of medicine," and to my teachers, mainly my residency faculty, but also colleagues. If I perform the diagnostic process well and do what I was taught, with thinking, the patients will, god willing, automatically do well.
The board certification process in Ob/Gyn consists of two parts. The first part is a very long multiple choice test simply to demonstrate basic fact knowledge. The second part, however, is a live presentation of a year of actual practice to a panel of learned professors and practitioners who query the applicant as to method and rational.
My goal is to manage my patients, so that if they were to be presented to that examining panel, the examiners would nod in approval.
8:52 PM
8:57 PM
In my practice (Int. Medicine), I make a point of memorizing Harrison's Principle's of Internal Medicine and rememorizing it everytime a new editions is printed...
9:01 PM
9:02 PM
What I said, or meant to say since it wasn't terribly clear, is that the THEORY is negligence. Same theory as med mal.
There's no doubt there are some frivolous lawsuits. Particularly in the range you're talking about. My state has a $5000 max for small claims. For a mere $25 in filing fees, and another $25 in service costs, any individual, without a lawyer, can file suit and have their day in small claims court.
What is likely to happen if it's truly frivolous is just what happened in yours - the judge fines the other side and makes them pay your costs (or your insurer's costs).
How do we remedy that? What else should we change?
Litigiousness is part of America, because we grant more individual rights than any other country. It's how we settle our disputes, as opposed to barrel of a gun. We believe that the responsible party should pay for harm they cause, and we have put this system together as the most fair way we can think of to apportion harm and preserve these rights.
Do you know of a country that has a better system?
CJD
9:12 PM
Most 3rd world countries...they insitutionally put patients in their place...in this country the doctors have to put them in their place by ordering unnecessary poking and prodding...
9:17 PM
I still don't like the fact of defensive medicine being used on me, but, I do understand it better.
What will happen when ins. companies stop approving all these tests and it becomes our (the patients) responsibility to pay out of pocket for all this useless testing? Many more people will begin to question "Why do I need this test?" Right now, most people are more than happy to overuse the system (at your insistence) because it is not breaking them personally. Thats going to change, one day. What will happen then?
9:45 PM
2. the insurance companies will pay for the tests, and they do now, for the reason that if they don't they may get sued (what a surprise) for the medical negligence that goes along with not doing the test (which is necessary in 0.001% of cases).
3. guess what, you may have to pay out of pocket if none of the above apply...and take responsibility for health care just like you pay bills for your 500 channel cable tv plan, etc...
9:49 PM
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9:58 PM
Before I ever found this site, I had no idea how much testing was due to defensive medicine. I doubt most patients are aware of this, and I wonder how many employers are aware of this as well.
I'd be interested in knowing if any doctors here have come across patients with these new health plans, and if there were more than the usual questions about costs.
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